Law of multiple proportions :- laws of multple proportions when two elements combine to form two or more chemical compound and the mass of first elements is fixed ,then mass of other chemical elements bear a simple whole number ratio in all compounds.
Example :- Carbon and oxygen combine to form carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gas.
Here mass of carbon is fixed and mass of oxygen bear a simple ratio 32: 16
or 2:1 to each other
Law of reciprocal proportions :- The ratio of the masses of two elements A and B which combine separately with a fixed mass of the third elements C is always bear a simple ratio , when A and B combine directly with each other.
Examples :-
H and S combine separately with third elements S to form H2S
and SO2 and H and S directly combine to form H2O
in H2S 2 part H and 16 part S
and in SO2 32 part O and 16 part S
the ratio of H to O when S is fixed = 2: 32
when H and O combine to form H2O
2 part H combine with 16 part O hence ratio = 2: 16
simple ratio related to each other 16 : 32 or 1: 2
hence they are simple multiple of each other
Example :- Carbon and oxygen combine to form carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gas.
in carbon dioxide 12 part carbon and 32 part oxygen
& in carbon monoxide 12 part carbon and 16 part oxygen .
or 2:1 to each other
Law of reciprocal proportions :- The ratio of the masses of two elements A and B which combine separately with a fixed mass of the third elements C is always bear a simple ratio , when A and B combine directly with each other.
Examples :-
H and S combine separately with third elements S to form H2S
and SO2 and H and S directly combine to form H2O
in H2S 2 part H and 16 part S
and in SO2 32 part O and 16 part S
the ratio of H to O when S is fixed = 2: 32
when H and O combine to form H2O
2 part H combine with 16 part O hence ratio = 2: 16
simple ratio related to each other 16 : 32 or 1: 2
hence they are simple multiple of each other
